b. The platoon can use the line formation in the assault to maximize the platoon's firepower and shock effect. The wedge expands and contracts to take advantage of the terrain. Comparison of squad formations. The platoon leader also tracks his platoon's formation and movement in conjunction with the company's formation. US Army Cavalry and the End of the Dragoon The US Army organized another mounted force, two cavalry regiments, in 1855. To achieve a positional advantage to conduct reconnaissance and surveillance. e. Traveling Overwatch (Dismounted). Bounding overwatch can be executed using one of the following bounding methods. Crewmen in the bounding element must continuously scan their assigned sectors of observation. If the element makes visual contact but is not detected, it should continue the mission. Reconnaissance forces normally conduct exfiltration via land routes dismounted when friendly lines are close or no other extraction method is feasible. He considers various possible COAs, based on well-developed TTP (including battle drills), to meet the types of contact. Navigational aids help, but when using them, the platoon and squads should always know their own location. The overriding factor in determining whether to use single or multiple lanes is the ability to remain undetected. The platoon travels mounted when contact with the enemy is not likely and speed is desired (Figure 3-12). Once he decides on a COA, he recommends it to the battalion commander and provides information on how the platoon COA will affect the current situation. endstream endobj startxref Delays may result when groups must avoid enemy contact. Mounted riflemen had no sabers and had, as the name implied, rifles. Mounted Land Navigation A vehicle commander should be able to navigate from one point on the ground to another with or without a compass. The platoon maintains relative positioning based on terrain and combat losses. Ideally, the overwatch element keeps the bounding element in sight. Patrols request permission to return to the platoon vehicles. (3) Combination of Methods. The platoon finds the flanks of the enemy position and looks for other enemy elements that could provide mutual support to the position. The squad leader moves forward to the first or second position if he wants to increase control over the formation, exert greater morale presence by leading from the front, and remain available to make key decisions at once. Leaders must stay ready to adjust the distance of individual vehicles based on terrain, visibility, and mission requirements. Two-section platoon wedge formation. After the engagement is complete, he sends an initial spot report. Choose and recommend a COA and maneuver the force. If the reconnaissance platoon is tasked to gather information over a wide area, it may employ several small teams to cover the complete sector. (4) Echelon Formation. During mounted and dismounted movement, the platoon employs combat formations when the terrain supports their use or when the mission or reconnaissance objective is very focused. The screens are relatively small and easily become cluttered with control measures. Wooded Areas. The Pardee RAND Graduate School (PardeeRAND.edu) is home to the only Ph.D. and M.Phil. For example, reconnaissance forces that have infiltrated or bypassed the enemy-occupied area may need to exfiltrate as soon as they gather the required information. To properly execute actions on contact, the platoon must take action consistent with the fundamentals of reconnaissance (refer to Chapter 4 of this manual for a detailed discussion): c. The Seven Forms of Contact. However, the bounding element should never move beyond the range at which the base-of-fire element can effectively suppress known, likely, or suspected enemy positions (2/3 the effective range of the weapon system). Squad column with fire teams in wedge. However, if the situation dictates, vehicles can disperse laterally to enhance security. Once deployed, the OP maintains surveillance of the avenue of approach until the rest of the reconnaissance element returns. These reconnaissance elements move to dismount points, set their vehicles in hide positions, and send dismounted patrols to multiple vantage points using dismounted reconnaissance techniques, with the emphasis on avoiding detection. For this reason, the Army considers the program to be one of its most important. If the platoon makes contact in or near the danger area, it moves to the designated rally points. The team has provided X JBC-P iterations over the past year to the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division; 173rd Airborne Brigade; and 3rd BCT, 101st Airborne Division. This allows for continuation of the mission and reduces the chance of any loss of combat power. Tactics. The platoon can also use indirect fires to degrade the enemy's acquisition and observation capabilities by forcing him to seek cover. The DAPS fuses APNT sources and then either displays APNT data on an . PEO C3T is delivering the network to regions around the globe, enabling high-speed, high-capacity voice, data and video communications to a user base that includes the Army's joint, coalition and other mission partners. The troopers then conducted a dismounted movement for 7 km with a rise in altitude of over 1000 feet. (2) Because maneuver is decentralized in nature, the platoon leader determines from his terrain analysis where and when he wants to establish a base of fire. At a minimum, the platoon must rehearse and be ready to execute these potential COAs: e. The Four Steps of Actions on Contact. The team is incorporating components that will reduce the overall SWaP requirements while maintaining core tenants of the system currently used across the Army and Marine Corps in tens of thousands of vehicles. Leaders use POSNAV aids to identify their location and the location of subordinate and adjacent units. Description. Rarely are there enough lanes for each group to have a separate one. Once in position, the base-of-fire element suppresses known, likely, or suspected enemy elements and at the same time aggressively scans its assigned sectors. The reconnaissance platoon is not manned or equipped to conduct detailed reconnaissance of urban areas. It searches for antitank (AT) ditches, minefields, wire, or other obstacles that could force friendly forces into a fire sack. Movement into and out of the various formations must be second nature to each section. Section using traveling overwatch technique and wedge formation. Ph.D. Situations involving nuclear, biological, or chemical (NBC) conditions (see. The platoon coil provides all-round security during halts. As Soldiers connect to the BFT network, X JBC-P would achieve units' needs for beyond line-of-sight mission command for company and above echelons. (1) The bounding element must take full advantage of whatever cover and concealment the terrain offers. This security technique involves the use of short-duration OPs consisting of mounted or dismounted soldiers with necessary observation equipment. (g) Conduct Target Handoff. One version under assessment consists of a commercial-off-the-shelf tablet loaded with the JBC-P software that is coupled with an Iridium network device the size and weight of a smartphone. The principles of route selection, movement formations, and movement security are critical to the success of the exfiltration operation. 0000103808 00000 n Even if you do not have crew served weapon TC out of hatch with personal weapon Our TTPs (cont.) For example, when a section or team repeatedly misses mandatory radio contact, other elements must assume that the element has a communications problem, is in trouble, or both. However, troops must approach and move through them with extreme caution. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. a. Christian Cortez from Minneapolis, assigned to Bandit Troop, 1st Squadron, 3d Cavalry Regiment, conducts a combined dismounted patrol with ANA 203rd Corps military police south-east of FOB Lightning. The vehicle commander can retrieve the operational overlay on one layer, the enemy situation template on another layer, the fire support overlay on another, and so forth. In this method, the trail element advances past the lead element to the next overwatch position. These Soldiers would further organize into three dismounted squads of six scouts each, working with six crews mounted on scout platforms. (1) Before moving across a large open area, the reconnaissance platoon must make a thorough visual scan of the area. Subscribe to the weekly Policy Currents newsletter to receive updates on the issues that matter most. The platoon normally uses the line formation when no terrain remains between it and the enemy, when the platoon has suppressed the enemy's antitank weapons, or when the platoon is vulnerable to artillery fire and must move fast. Small clearings may require crossing in the same manner as a large open area. (2) Traveling Overwatch. The Ground Combat Vehicle is an attempt to provide the infantry with an IFV that can carry a full infantry squad of nine men capable of dismounting under fire and defeating the enemy in complex terrain. (2) The platoon's main body can use an infrared or thermal source to regain visual contact with the element and link it back to the main body. They should use radio listening silence except to report contact with enemy forces or to send critical information that the commander has directed them to report immediately. It immediately sends a contact report informing higher headquarters that it has made visual contact with the enemy but is not being engaged. The platoon must conduct these halts at regular intervals (approximately every kilometer) while moving through the wooded area. Sometimes, platoon and company team formations differ due to METT-TC factors. (2) The leader identifies adjacent units and creates additional graphic control measures as needed on his operations overlay. Figure 3-6. 0000063417 00000 n (a) The BFVs and the squad in contact destroys or suppresses enemy weapons that are firing most effectively against them, including vehicles and crew-served weapons. (1) During dismounted movement, the section leader allows the lead team to move along covered and concealed routes as long as it does not deviate too far from the axis, route, or direction of attack. endstream endobj 43 0 obj <>>>/Metadata 40 0 R/Outlines 33 0 R/Pages 39 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 44 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Tabs/W/Thumb 34 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 45 0 obj <> endobj 46 0 obj [/ICCBased 64 0 R] endobj 47 0 obj <> endobj 48 0 obj [69 0 R] endobj 49 0 obj <>stream c. Bounding Overwatch (Mounted). These updates help them link up at the rally point by identifying friends and foes. The patrol discovered that all Ops were well-manned with disciplined ANA soldiers throughout. Each section leader and VC should have, as a minimum, the locations of every element in the platoon on his C3 subsystem. Section using bounding overwatch technique. Fixing Light Reconnaissance Formations. Urban areas, including towns and villages, pose many potential dangers for the reconnaissance platoon. When contact is made, the platoon executes battle drills, designated by SOP, to maintain freedom of maneuver and avoid becoming decisively engaged. Maximum use is made of folds of the earth and concealment to mask movement from likely enemy positions. The following examples illustrate actions on contact in a variety of tactical situations. Thanks to a key software upgrade, dismounted Soldiers are receiving the most up-to-date common operational picture of fires assets across the battlefield as they . When the platoon conducts dismounted movement, the factors of METT-TC determine the formation of the dismounted element. The ANA MPs were prepared to conduct full dress rehearsals of the U.S. battle drills with 2nd Platoon after displaying a rapid understanding of the plan given by the 1st Lt. Cornely, 2nd Platoon, Bandit Troop. Coordination must include CSS activities, integration of communications, fires, passage lanes, C2, and battle handover. (a) Deploy and Report. The platoon leader must use all available optics and other assets, including GSR, to reconnoiter the open area and find a bypass, if applicable. When the platoon lacks the time to bypass a large open area, it uses a combination of traveling overwatch and bounding overwatch (Figure 3-20). The leader is then able to plan for contact and determine how to employ TTP, such as the proper movement techniques, to reduce the occurrence of chance contact. This paragraph discusses the technological advantages of the mobility systems and C3 subsystems of the reconnaissance platoon as operational aids for planning, navigating, controlling, and executing combat operations. (c) Choose and Recommend a COA and Maneuver the Force. (1) Squad Column. Echelon right formation. Visual contact (friendly elements may or may not be observed by the enemy). To establish communications relay capability for a specific period in support of other reconnaissance operations. It simplifies the transition to dismounted operations in complex terrain. When using this technique, the platoon could be in a column formation or dispersed in its other formations (Figure 3-9). The platoon then displaces its OPs to successive positions in depth while maintaining contact with the enemy. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited; linking directly to this product page is encouraged. Because breaking contact is a violation of reconnaissance fundamentals, the platoon leader must be sure that his higher headquarters is informed of and approves this COA (Figure 3-14). US Army Chief of Staff tours III Armored Corps Warfighter at Fort Hood, Life as a US Army Wheeled Vehicle Mechanic: The Soldier experience, Innovative technology supports remediation success at Lake City Army Ammunition Plant, Club renamed for Black Army officer previously denied entrance, Hokanson: State Partnership Program stable, steadfast and growing, Letterkenny Army Depot hosts Army Vice Chief of Staff, 1st Infantry Division supports recruiting, enlists new Soldiers. It affords all-round observation and fields of fire. This means more to the nondigitized platoon than it does to the digitized platoon. The platoon leader quickly moves forward, confirms the danger area, and determines what technique the platoon will use to cross. Traveling overwatch and bounding overwatch are most often executed at the section level. He then employs specific reconnaissance methods and movement techniques to either avoid the danger areas or move through them as quickly as possible and with as much security as possible. (c) Maintain Contact and Bypass. This is usually more rapid than successive bounds. To meet user needs, the dismounted kit must be light and compact enough to carry in a rucksack for extended missions as well as easy to use and set up. The platoon leader plans signals to direct movement to the alternate rally point. Factors. a. It gives them better staying power after the initial charge in combat, if they're on a horse they'll fare worse when stuck-in a blob. This chapter focuses on mechanized infantry rifle platoon and squad mounted and dismounted movement techniques, formations, and actions, and the platoon leader's options for moving the platoon tactically. RT @VincentZephyr: Wishing "Armour Day" to the BEST Arm of the Indian Army- The Armoured Corps. (Refer to Chapter 6 of this manual for specific information on the urban environment.). Establishing a contact point to link up with, brief, and guide the friendly unit as necessary. It is used when speed is important and enemy contact is not likely. Andrew Coleman, along with 2nd Platoon Bandit Troop, 1st Squadron, 3d Cavalry Regiment, went on a combined mounted and dismounted reconnaissance patrol with the Afghan National Army's 203rd Corps Military Police to the south east of FOB Lightning Aug. 4, 2014. It uses covered and concealed routes to move to a designated rally point that avoids enemy observation and provides cover and concealment. 0000006722 00000 n d. Traveling (Dismounted). Digital maps and overlays provide the platoon with a common operating picture of the terrain and operational graphics. Figure 3-11. This choice is made because the platoon leader determines that the force he has located is the objective of his commander; therefore, this COA is in accordance with his commander's intent. Leaders at echelons from platoon through company conduct actions on contact when they, or a subordinate element, recognize one of the forms of contact or receive a report of enemy contact. During limited visibility, he can also use his AN/PAQ-4B/C or AN/PEQ-2A to point out the rally points at a distance. 0000040587 00000 n The platoon leader attempts to hand off responsibility for the enemy element. 0000002183 00000 n The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. This is the fire team's basic formation. A reconnaissance section or team makes contact when its dismounted element identifies an enemy force. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Since the destruction of the enemy is in accordance with the commander's order, the section or team leader simply informs higher headquarters that he is continuing the mission. trailer Some platoon elements remain stationary to provide protection for bounding elements by suppressing or destroying enemy elements. Rifle squads use a variety of formations: a. 0000000016 00000 n Figure 3-22. (2) During mounted movement, leaders use their commander's tactical display (CTD) to monitor the company, platoon, and sections. It allows the squad leader to control and communicate with the squad while mounted. The platoon should strive to make contact with its combat multipliers or with its smallest possible internal elementthe dismounted soldier. 83 0 obj <>stream b. The purpose of tactical movement is to move units on the battlefield either to initiate contact with the enemy or to reach a destination when contact with the enemy along the way is possible. (b) Break Contact and Bypass. Executing the four steps allows the platoon to accomplish its mission in accordance with reconnaissance fundamentals: (1) Deploy and Report. The platoon leader evaluates the situation and decides which formation best suits the mission and situation. The battalion must carefully coordinate and rehearse employment of the reaction force and supporting fires before initiating the infiltration (or other tactical mission, if applicable). Refer to the seven general categories of contact discussed in paragraph 3-4c. g. Actions on Contact. During planning, the leader designates near side and far side rally points. Maintain contact to support a hasty attack. By enforcing and applying the principles of terrain driving, leaders and drivers, respectively, can enhance security. Maneuver is inherently dangerous. The six mounted reconnaissance platoon formations are line, wedge, column, staggered column, coil, and herringbone. Upon completing its movement (bound), the lead element then occupies a similar position and provides overwatch as the trail element bounds forward to its next overwatch position. Based on this evaluation and further guidance from higher, he can then maneuver the platoon out of contact and make contact either on his own terms or as directed by the commander. Troops should dismount to provide greater security. Both the platoon leader and platoon sergeant stay in the center of the formation, with their wingmen located to the rear of and outside of them. (3) The leader plots waypoints on easily recognizable terrain and on significant turns on the route for ease in navigation. The term "movement techniques" does not refer to the movement of fixed formationsit refers to the fluctuating distances between soldiers, teams, and squads. The wedge lends itself to immediate mutual support and provides depth; it is very flexible. The near-side security, controlled by the platoon sergeant, crosses the linear danger area where the platoon crossed. By Dan Lafontaine (PEO C3T Public Affairs) and Kathryn Bailey (CERDEC CP&I Public Communications Adviser)May 31, 2018. Figure 3-17. ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, Md. The reconnaissance platoon can not conduct its mission if the enemy decisively engages it. The ability to conduct fire and maneuver immediately upon dismount became more difficult. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Exfiltration is removal of personnel or units from areas under enemy control using stealth, deception, surprise, or clandestine means. The Dismounted Soldier Training System, or DSTS, and Engagement Skills Trainer 2000 are two virtual training tools that are quickly becoming the norm for Soldiers of the 157th Infantry Brigade,. After determining that the commander's intent has not changed, the platoon leader recommends the COA to the commander and requests permission to execute. During infiltration, the platoon uses predesignated routes to reach its objective without being detected and engaged by the enemy. Gaining unit feedback is a key part of the R&D work as incremental modifications are made, said Ifeanyi Igwulu, future initiatives project officer for Product Manager JBC-P. The lead vehicle occupies the 12 o'clock position, and the other vehicles occupy the 3, 9, and 6 o'clock positions in accordance with the order of march. The column formation has the following characteristics, advantages, and limitations: Figure 3-1. All groups rehearse this procedure since no one knows which group will arrive first. It uses bounding overwatch because of the possibility of enemy contact. programs offered at an independent public policy research organizationthe RAND Corporation. Some formations work well in certain types of terrain or tactical situations but are less effective in others. 0000006037 00000 n This method is easier to control and is more secure than alternate bounding, but it is slower. Formations are intended to be flexible and easily modified to fit the situation, terrain, and combat losses. If possible, the section leader should provide his section with the following information: e. Execution of the movement techniques is described below. 0000002483 00000 n The earlier in the contact that the platoon leader can make this decision, the better. However, the distances between covered and concealed positions may make the use of dismounted infantry impractical. The Precision Fires-Dismounted system has undergone the most significant changes. When planning the route, the platoon leader marks the danger areas on his digital concept sketch and overlay. Normally, the platoon leader briefs the section leaders on the route and speed and then allows the lead section to control the column movement. Figure 3-6. For example, if an enemy update received from higher headquarters states that the enemy has moved much closer to the platoon than the platoon leader anticipated, he immediately switches the platoon from traveling overwatch to bounding overwatch. His exfiltration plan should factor in additional time that the platoon may need to react to unforeseen circumstances, such as inadvertent contact with enemy forces or unexpected restrictive terrain. According to the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, "Mounted rifles are half cavalry, mounted infantry merely specially mobile infantry." [1] Dismounted: Unless they have a large monster-type mount (carnousaur, stegadon, griffon, rat-ogre, dragon, etc. The platoon leadership must keep in perspective that during dismounted operations there is always an information-gathering element and a control and security element (Figures 3-1 and 3-2), and they should resource each operation accordingly. As the dismounted elements remount, the vehicles use their optics to visually clear the open area again. Crossing a small open area. For IBCTs, I propose 10-wheeled platforms and 36. Figure 3-19. JBC-P and its associated Mounted Family of Computer Systems are part of a large-scale Army effort to standardize all Active, Reserve and National Guard units with the latest software and hardware by 2022. (a) Disengage from Enemy Contact. (d) Execute the COA. The lead vehicle advances to a point (first move) where it can support the advance of the overwatch vehicle. This will help direct the rest of the platoon to the location. The partnership between CERDEC and PM Mission Command is yielding significant results for DevOps assessments, said J. Tyler Barton, science and technology demonstration-objective manager for expeditionary mission command with CERDEC's Command, Power and Integration Directorate.

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